Shalamar Hospital

Menu
Menu

Breast Lump: Causes, Diagnosis, and When to See a Doctor

Understanding the condition:

A breast lump is a localized swelling, thickening, or mass in the breast tissue that feels different from the surrounding area. Breast lumps develop when there are changes in the breast tissue due to hormonal, benign, infectious, or, less commonly, malignant causes. Breast lumps are most commonly seen in women between 20 and 50 years, often related to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle. Blocked milk ducts, and infections can cause temporary breast lumps.

 

Symptoms, Diagnosis and Care:

Symptoms include noticeable lump or thickened area in the breast or underarm, change in size or shape of the breast, pain or tenderness, nipple changes, including inversion, discharge (especially bloody or clear).

Doctors diagnose a breast lump through a step-by-step evaluation:

Medical History

 When the lump was first noticed, changes in size, pain, relation to the menstrual cycle, nipple discharge, past breast problems, and family history of breast disease.

Clinical Breast Examination
A physical examination is done to assess the lump’s size, shape, texture, mobility, and tenderness, as well as to check the skin, nipple, and underarm (axillary) lymph nodes.

Imaging Tests
Depending on age and clinical findings, imaging may include:

  • Ultrasound
  • Mammography: Often recommended for women over 40
  • MRI: Used for high-risk patients or when further detail is required.

Needle Tests or Biopsy
If the lump appears suspicious:

  • Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA): Removes fluid or cells for examination.
  • Core Needle Biopsy: Removes a small tissue sample for detailed analysis.

Laboratory Examination
The collected cells or tissue are examined under a microscope to determine whether the lump is benign

Finding a breast lump can be worrying, but with timely evaluation and appropriate care, patients can expect clarity, effective treatment, and compassionate support.

Outlook and patient Guidance:

Patients with breast lump should maintain a healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet, regular exercise, stress management, and limited alcohol and caffeine intake. Perform regular breast self-examinations and attend follow-up appointments as advised by your doctor.